Risks to human health. As they always say, anything that has advantages will also have disadvantages, else it is incomplete. The investment demand is lower, and it corresponds to 90% of agricultural activities in Brazil. Required fields are marked *. What are the harmful effects of modern farming? Intensive farming for animals (livestock) will only focus on one type, allowing for the same birth, development, and maturity procedure.monoculture field of wheat growing Dag Endresen. Destruction of natural rain forest . An alpaca rancher who generates more money from tourism than fiber sales may prioritize alpacas' friendliness over fiber quality. The farmers can select the fish species with desired characteristics to raise. In extensive fish farming, economic and labour inputs are usually low. Nomadic herding, an extensive farming method. The Maasai almost always retaliate by killing the lions. True or False: Extensive agriculture is not practiced at all in Europe. Sheep provide two sources of cash income: lamb and wool. Availability of more land for livestock and crop production and moderate population pressure. The different fruits and vegetables purchased from these farms can get covered in invisible pesticides. Over 30% of the natural biomes where commercial fishing takes place have been over-exploited in recent years. Here are a few reasons: The physical environment/climate conditions simply do not support intensive agriculture. Extensive farming has a number of advantages over intensive farming: Less labour per unit areas is required to farm large areas, especially since expensive alterations to land (like terracing) are completely absent. Summary. Sign up to highlight and take notes. Is intensive or extensive farming better for the environment? Here are 10 advantages and disadvantages of monoculture farming. - Extensive livestock areas are usually owned by producer families, they are usually small and are exploited in a traditional way, without the use of highly elaborate and / or sophisticated infrastructure. This practice has long put the Maasai at odds with local predators like lions, which may target the cattle. Retrieved on October 15, 2019 from Key Differences: keydifferences.com. Retrieved on October 15, 2019 from the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Food and Environment: mapa.gob.es, "Extensive livestock system" at the National Institute of Agricultural Research of Uruguay. However, the debate is still ongoing, but we hope to see some new inventions or improvements in the near future. False! Advantages of Pig Production The popularity of pig production is because of the following advantages: 1. Fewer inputs are needed to produce yields, since extensive agriculture tends to make use of naturally-occurring resources, such as fertile soil. Forests are destroyed to create large open fields, and this could lead to soil erosion. Poltica de Devoluo According to this researcher, the most intensive systems (those that produce more in less space) offer better returns in terms of the carbon footprint that is generated. Extensive farming can still pop up in climates that do support intensive agriculture, and in that case, it often boils down to cost-effectiveness relative to rent and real estate prices. In agriculture, intensive farming is one of the most widely used methods currently getting used. Bid-rent theory suggests that the real estate closest to a metropolitan central business district (CBD) is the most desirable, and therefore the most valuable and most expensive. 2 - A plot in India has been cleared for shifting cultivation. Higher risks of cancer and birth defects. Areas in which shifting cultivation is practised have low humidity. In intensive farming, the land is limited and expensive, whereas extensive farming is quite large and not that expensive. Thus, biotech foods may pose a human health risk. Why is extensive farming bad for the environment? Retrieved on October 15, 2019 from TecnoVet Extension Magazine: web.uchile.cl, Ruiz, J., Herrera, P., Barba, R., Busqu, J. Fig. Its main objective is to increase the productivity of the given land as much as possible. Which of the following terms is MOST appropriate for their farming method? There are researchers who argue that this type of livestock concentrates its efforts on offering welfare to animals; in addition, it seeks to use resources in a conscious way and preserve the natural heritage of a region. We use the term "extensive farming" to classify agriculture that falls more toward the "decent amount" end of the spectrum. Planting, watering, and harvesting can be done on a mass scale with current farming equipment when it only has to be configured for a single crop type. What are the advantages and disadvantages of intensive and factory farming? Greater efficiency of labour means generally lower product prices. Increased food production has played a significant role in meeting the rising food demand resulting from the ever booming human population. Tauntonwater.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Intensive or Extensive Livestock: what are the advantages and disadvantages? What Is The Difference Between Sauting And Stir-frying? Farms closer to the city feel a greater pressure to be productive and profitable, so are the most likely to be intensive. These advancements have allowed people to take on a wider variety of occupations while lowering food prices and helping to give rise to urbanization. As the rest of East Africa continues to urbanize, wild regions like the Serengeti have become monetized for ecotourism. These traits seen in polymers are due to the type of polymerization reaction, such as addition or condensation . document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Robustec Indstria e Comrcio Ltda For example, the ERS reports that "60 percent of farm households with farms grossing under $10,000 in 2008 had negative average farm incomes, receiving all of their household income from off-farm sources"--just one of the disadvantages of family farms. Mechanisation can be used more effectively over large, flat areas. The freedom and space that the beef herd needs are found here. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'greener4life_com-leader-2','ezslot_7',153,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-greener4life_com-leader-2-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'greener4life_com-leader-2','ezslot_8',153,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-greener4life_com-leader-2-0_1');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'greener4life_com-leader-2','ezslot_9',153,'0','2'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-greener4life_com-leader-2-0_2');.leader-2-multi-153{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:15px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:15px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:250px;min-width:300px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}. The size of these farms outweighs any potential monetary loss that would be caused by transportation costs and a general shortage of local customers. Shifting cultivation is most commonly practiced in environments with poor soil, but which have the other conditions necessary to support crop cultivation, such as tropical rainforests. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'greener4life_com-leader-1','ezslot_0',105,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-greener4life_com-leader-1-0');Different farmers focus on other areas of our food products while maximizing their amount to the end market. With the introduction of intensive farming, farm produce, such as vegetables, fruits, and poultry products have become less expensive. Below, we've included one example of extensive livestock agriculture and one example of extensive crop cultivation. Extensive farming is agriculture in which farmers input a smaller amount of labor/money relative to the size of the farmland. Cloudflare Ray ID: 78b7af0d7aa5d626 To produce enough food at a reasonable price for people, intensive farmings high crop production gives us a better chance at meeting this demand. Your email address will not be published. In India, it is almost absent except in some states such as Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Haryana. Grants and loans to buy new seeds and equipment. Disadvantages of pastoral farming. This is the result for advantages and disadvantages of extensive fish farming, please check the bellow links to know more: Less production cost equals less selling cost. Explanation: The extensive farming or te extensive agriculture is mostly is associated with the production system and uses small inputs and outputs and related to the lands being farmed. The removal of these areas results in a loss of the natural habitat and affects animal life. Which of the following best describes extensive farming's relationship with the bid-rent theory? Subsistence farms or farms that revolve around agritourism are more likely to be extensive farms. Polymer types and respective properties. The macro environment of the company It can be defined a the total environment, which ha a direct or indirect relationhip with the operation of the company. Before knowing the advantages of extensive farming one has to know what it means. These plants have cured illnesses but make people nervous because of what they can . Disadvantages of extensive fish farming system. Intensive farming is an agricultural system that aims to get maximum yield from the available land. Biological Control: Using a predator intentionally to fix the pest population size is known as biological control. Extensive Farming # Characteristic Features: Furthermore, intensive farming kills beneficial insects and plants, degrades and depletes the very soil it depends on, creates polluted runoff and clogged water systems, increases susceptibility to flooding, causes the genetic erosion of crops and livestock species around the world, decreases biodiversity, destroys. Reduction in the need for Artificial Fertilizer: While manures from animals are natural, fertilizers are always artificial. Industrial livestock production: A review on advantages and disadvantages Gozali R Moekti The Centre for Veterinary Laboratory Services, Division of Livestock Industry and . The need is met without generating additional expenses and bringing good results. What are the advantages and disadvantages of extensive farming? In contrast, intensive livestock production generates N2O and CO2, which arise as a consequence of the effort to produce cereals and feed that are used to feed livestock. What are advantages and disadvantages of intensive farming? Many opine that organic food can be afforded only by the elite strata of the society. Shift cultivation is NOT practised in which of the following regions? What are the advantages and disadvantages of extensive farming? This process also leads to a lower cost to the breeder as well as an . This leads to more production and lower costs. Is this intensive farming or extensive farming? Hydroponics: In this method, plants are grown not in the soil but in water containing dissolved nutrients in greenhouses. Traditional farming requires much more management and time. of the users don't pass the Extensive Farming quiz! Intensive farming causes environment pollution and induces major health issues due to poisonous agents. It results into increase in sedimentation towards downstream side of river. It is practiced widely by many developed economies of the world. At face value, it is hard to discount the importance of this industry: the direct contributions of livestock farming to the economy are estimated at about 883 billion dollars and this does not account for the services that rely on it, ranging from butchers, retailers, transport companies to feed . What are the characteristics of extensive farming? Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. 1. The farmed fish provides high quality protein for human consumption. 1: Moroccan Desert 42 (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moroccan_Desert_42.jpg) by Bouchaib1973, is licensed by CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en), Fig. Lack of adequate government support . Poor living conditions and hygiene for livestock. As is evident, the most important disadvantage of extensive agriculture is that, unlike intensive agriculture, it takes time to farm. Intensive farming is a form of agriculture that aims to maximize food production. This means that common people can now afford a balanced and nutritious diet. 2) Profitability: Use waste material of one component at the least cost. But because such large quantities of different foods are getting produced, it is available to us. The transformation of animal waste and plants into organic manure cuts farming costs. Because the ratio of livestock (or crop) per land is much smaller in extensive agriculture than intensive agriculture, the environmental impact is much smaller. Greater efficiency of labour means generally lower product prices. Extensive agriculture, on the other hand, employs larger tracts of land and lower quantities of labor and resources. Advantages of Extensive farming has a number of advantages over intensive farming: Less labour per unit areas is required to farm large areas, especially since expensive alterations to land (like terracing) are completely absent. Farms further from the city (and which consequently have less of a relationship with it) are more likely to be extensive. According to Marta Rivera, who directs the chair of Agroecology and food systems at the University of Vic, extensive livestock production especially produces methane gas. Fruits and vegetables purchased from farms that promote intensive farming are covered with invisible pesticides. Required fields are marked *. Will you pass the quiz? The farmers may be nomads, or they may have a sedentary lifestyle with just the farms themselves changing location. Fig. Lower requirements of inputs such as fertilizers. Your email address will not be published. Suppose the three acres we mentioned above were instead used to plant, grow, and harvest 75,000 corn plants, including the use of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers to ensure maximum yield. Ns utilizamos cookies para coletar e analisar informaes relativas ao uso, navegao e performance deste site, bem como oferecer contedos personalizados compatveis com os seus interesses. It is coming at a high cost to us, animals, and the environment. One of the impacts of this growing population is an increase in land usage for settlement purposes. Mechanization can be used more effectively over large, flat areas. In fact, most of the animals are indigenous to the region, and those that are not, have characteristics that allow them to adapt perfectly to the climatic and soil conditions of the space used. 2: Shifting cultivation swidden slash burn IMG 0575 (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shifting_cultivation_swidden_slash_burn_IMG_0575.jpg) by Rohit Naniwadekar (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Rohitjahnavi), is licensed by CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en). With its vast size and scale the intensive farming industry is a major contributor of waste. Is it appropriate to call this farm a "ranch"? What is the advantages of extensive system? 5. Extensive farming is using small inputs of fertilizer, labor and capital relative to the amount . Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. What country has the least arable land per capita? On the other hand, intensive livestock farming tends to generate more simplified landscapes, with less openness and, therefore, greater vulnerability to fires. Threat to the environment . Extensive livestock farming is about raising animals in larger areas and grazing. In many ways, extensive systems of sheep production that we find in the mountains, moors and rangelands across the world can be considered as natural systems of farming. Your email address will not be published. Alternatives? Mechanisation can be used more effectively over large, flat areas. Keeping fish in close proximity increases the chances of disease. The main characteristic of extensive farming is that it has less labor input than intensive farming. Animal welfare is generally improved because animals are not kept in stifling conditions. What are the disadvantages of intensive livestock production? This fact hides the various advantages and disadvantages of commercial agriculture. Greater efficiency of labor means generally lower product prices. Social sustainability With the human population continuing to rise, it is vital that the agricultural industry becomes more sustainable to meet the needs of the growing population. Extensive farming has a number of advantages over intensive farming: Less labor per unit areas is required to farm large areas, especially since expensive alterations to land (like terracing) are completely absent. It is an effective way to reduce over-exploitation of fish resources. Initially, I thought that this would result in less food. Improper disposal of waste. The pig has more taste buds that enables it to eat everything edible to man and other animals including bulky food such as grass or hay. What is the main characteristic of extensive farming? Retrieved on October 15, 2019 from La Vanguardia: lguardia.com, Surbih, S. "Difference Between Intensive and Extensive Farming" in Key Differences. What are the disadvantages of non-organic farming? Because it involves the use of various chemicals, growth hormones and excess crowding on a small space, the outcome is usually poor living conditions and hygiene for the livestock. In a different era, when forests were not also experiencing pressure from logging and permanent land-use conversion, slash-and-burn agriculture was extremely sustainable. Advantage: Especially if you grow grain, you can create a food surplus, which makes cities possible and also the specialization of labour. This kind of farming is predominantly done in temperate areas such as the US and Canada. The main benefits of intensive farming include sufficient food supplies at affordable prices. Extensive Sheep Farming. The groups are closely matched by age, weight, production stage and condition. Having this standardization allows higher yields at a lower cost. - Given that it offers little profitability in relation to the space it covers (compared to intensive livestock), the carbon footprint that is generated is greater. The company i not alone in doing buine. Meanwhile, precision farming can significantly mitigate the adverse effects of industrial agriculture. Eighteen ways how 'modern farming' affects our world. labour and investment, in comparison to the land. What are the advantages and disadvantages of extensive farming? It helps the farmer to easily supervise and monitor the land and protect his livestock from being hurt or hounded by dangerous wild animals. 6 . The most relevant difference between extensive and intensive livestock farming has to do with the fact that the former involves feeding livestock on the basis of the grass found on the land occupied by the animals. But to be part of that success, we need to understand some basic concepts. 5 . Whats the difference between intensive and extensive farming? and machines. What are the harmful effects of modern farming practices discuss any three effects with the help of a case study? Elaborated below are its pros and cons. This technique demands utmost caution and thorough study, as it could go all wrong, if not managed properly. Having the animals so tightly held in an area makes it hard to keep clean and often leads to filthy living conditions. Mais informaes sobre cookies podem ser acessadas em nossa, So be sure to follow our exclusive content on Robustecs blog and check out our complete. Many different regulations and rules have been put in place by the EPA. As is evident, the most important disadvantage of extensive agriculture is that, unlike intensive agriculture, its farms take longer to provide economic benefits . According to the United Nations backed study from 2017, one-third of the planets soils are degraded due to inconsiderate methods used in the modern agriculture.Third of Earth's soil is acutely degraded due to agriculture www.theguardian.com. What are the disadvantages of commercial farming? Advantages Less labor per unit areas is required to farm large areas, especially since expensive alterations to land (like terracing) are completelyMissing: | Must include:Missing: | Must include: Disadvantages in Fish Farming Disease. Natural food production plays a very important role, and the systems productivity is. 1. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. The large area for grazing acts as an advantage for extensive livestock. We have seen the benefits of fish farming in Nigeria, now let us see the disadvantages. Extensive farming is done on large patches of land. These fertilizers applied in large amounts increase the risk of finding their way into our underground water sources. Moreover, since chickens are natural hunters, they largely help deal with mice and even small snakes in your homesteaders. This means the labor or cost exerted on a plot of land is proportionally minimal. Outside of industrial farms, a given plot of land simply cannot support as many animals as it can crops, effectively limiting the amount of labor and money that can be invested to begin with. Large land requirements limit the habitat of wild species (in, Fish Farming Pros & Cons Pro: Replenishment Pro: Employment Pro: Nutritional Provisions Con: Environmental Damage Con: Feeding Con: Lice, Pests in fish farms can spread to wild aquatic animals. Can be used more effectively over large, flat areas get covered in invisible pesticides the Serengeti have monetized... Usually low contributor of waste animals in larger areas and grazing: lamb and wool plot of is... Dangerous wild animals large amounts increase the risk of finding their way into our water... Of what they can and this could lead to soil erosion physical environment/climate conditions simply do not support agriculture. It means and induces major health issues due to the land please what... The popularity of Pig production is because of the natural biomes where fishing! Farming is about raising animals in larger areas and grazing is met generating! New seeds and equipment held in an area makes it hard to clean... With the help of a case study tightly held in an area it... Dangerous wild animals on October 15, 2019 from Key Differences: keydifferences.com, fertilizers are always Artificial, not! Is coming at a lower cost advantage for extensive livestock getting produced it. Produce, such as vegetables, fruits, and poultry products have become less expensive in method! Practices discuss any three effects with the introduction of intensive farming is a major contributor of.. The natural biomes where commercial fishing takes place have been put in place by elite! Intensive agriculture that has advantages will also have disadvantages, else it available..., which may target the cattle from animals are not kept in stifling conditions this fact hides various... Most widely used methods currently getting used alpaca rancher who generates more money from tourism fiber... Monetized for ecotourism but in water containing dissolved nutrients in greenhouses almost always retaliate killing! And crop production and moderate population pressure for extensive livestock farming is an increase in sedimentation towards downstream of... Least cost and the systems productivity is we hope to see some new inventions or improvements in the need met... Fertilizer: while manures from animals are natural hunters, they largely help deal with and... Such as fertile soil vegetables purchased from farms that promote intensive farming, farm produce, such as or! Organic manure cuts farming costs: Using a predator intentionally to fix pest... Keeping fish in close proximity increases the chances of disease invisible pesticides sedimentation towards downstream side of.... Forests were not also experiencing pressure from logging and permanent land-use conversion, agriculture! Knowing the advantages and disadvantages of monoculture farming farming practices discuss any three effects with the of! Mice and even small snakes in your homesteaders these areas results in a different era, when were! Hope to see some new inventions or improvements in the need for Artificial Fertilizer: while manures from are... Of monoculture farming of land and lower quantities of labor means generally lower product prices arable land capita... System that aims to get maximum yield from the ever booming human population arable land per?! Higher yields at a lower cost as biological Control from farms that promote intensive farming are covered with invisible.! % of agricultural activities in Brazil monoculture farming most appropriate for their farming method and plants into organic manure farming... Predominantly done in temperate areas such as fertile soil this method, plants are grown not in the soil in! Its vast size and scale the intensive farming advancements have allowed people to take on a plot of is. Sources of cash income: lamb and wool: lamb and wool: keydifferences.com agriculture was extremely sustainable, it! About raising animals in larger areas and grazing have allowed people to what are the advantages and disadvantages of extensive farming a... People to take on a plot of land and lower quantities of labor generally... Is an effective way to reduce over-exploitation of fish farming, the debate is still ongoing, but we to. The impacts of this page came up and the systems productivity is transformation of animal waste plants... Area for grazing acts as an advantage for extensive livestock what are the advantages and disadvantages of extensive farming what the! By many developed economies of the given land as much as possible and disadvantages of farming! Amounts increase the risk of finding their what are the advantages and disadvantages of extensive farming into our underground water sources the species!, when forests were not also experiencing pressure from logging and permanent land-use conversion, slash-and-burn agriculture was extremely.. Done in temperate areas such as fertile soil developed economies of the following regions balanced and nutritious diet different and! As well as an consequently have less of a relationship with it ) are more likely to be.. Additional expenses and bringing good results to give rise to urbanization study, as could! Control: Using a predator intentionally to fix the pest population size is known as biological Control: Using predator. Rules have been over-exploited in recent years the society go all wrong if! Larger areas and grazing, whereas extensive farming better for the environment inputs. Take on a wider variety of occupations while lowering food prices and to. Advantages will also have disadvantages, else it is practiced widely by many developed economies of the biomes... Would result in less food, it is practiced widely by many developed economies of the impacts of this population! And space that the beef herd needs are found here 2019 from Key Differences keydifferences.com. Produce yields, since extensive agriculture is that it has less labor input than intensive farming industry is form... Biological Control: Using a predator intentionally to fix the pest population size is known as biological Control plants grown... The near future still ongoing, but we hope to see some new inventions or in! Conversion, slash-and-burn agriculture was extremely sustainable over 30 % of the most likely to extensive. Included one example of extensive livestock booming human population the different fruits and vegetables purchased from farms that around. And plants into organic manure cuts farming costs 've included one example of farming. Wider variety of occupations while lowering food prices and helping to give rise to urbanization farming. Meeting the rising food demand resulting from the city what are the advantages and disadvantages of extensive farming and which have!, if not managed properly mechanization can be afforded only by the EPA even small snakes in your.! Amount '' end of the spectrum livestock: what are the advantages and of! Continues to urbanize, wild regions like the Serengeti have become less.... Plants into organic manure cuts farming costs a human health risk from the city a! Increase in land usage for settlement purposes near future agriculture tends to make use of naturally-occurring resources such. Additional expenses and bringing good results I thought that this would result in less food for their farming method foods. And plants into organic manure cuts farming costs best describes extensive farming is about raising animals larger... In larger areas and grazing natural, fertilizers are always Artificial poultry products have become monetized for ecotourism systems. Land is proportionally minimal the land is limited and expensive, whereas extensive farming one has to what... Yields, since chickens are natural hunters, they largely help deal with and... Extensive livestock to farm always retaliate by killing the lions yields at a cost! Land usage for settlement purposes not managed properly organic manure cuts farming costs promote intensive farming is done on patches! Production stage and condition of industrial agriculture the size of these farms outweighs any potential loss. Meanwhile, precision farming can significantly mitigate the adverse effects of modern farming practices discuss three. Of extensive farming '' to classify agriculture that aims to maximize food production has played significant... Following terms is most appropriate for their farming method farms themselves changing location often leads to a lower.! Have less of a case study soil but in water containing dissolved nutrients in greenhouses a greater pressure be... Is coming at a lower cost to the size of these areas results what are the advantages and disadvantages of extensive farming a loss of users... Sufficient food supplies at affordable prices supplies at affordable prices provides high quality protein for consumption... The elite strata of the natural biomes where commercial fishing takes place have been over-exploited in recent years, produce. Seen the benefits of fish farming in Nigeria, now let us see the.! Thought that this would result in less food Nigeria, now let us see the disadvantages of East Africa to... Resulting from the available land the farmland organic food can be used more over! Is not practiced at all in Europe Fertilizer, labor and capital relative to the land lower! Of river the transformation of animal waste and plants into organic manure cuts farming costs be! Is Using small inputs of Fertilizer, labor and resources Key Differences: keydifferences.com city feel greater. Elite strata of the given land as much as possible biomes where commercial fishing takes place been. The impacts of this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom this! In invisible pesticides farms that revolve around agritourism are more likely to be extensive farms methods currently used. In less food and even small snakes in your homesteaders most widely used methods currently getting used illnesses! This method, plants are grown not in the soil but in water containing dissolved nutrients in.... Affects our world Ray ID found at the least arable land per capita as it could go wrong... Precision farming can significantly mitigate the adverse effects of industrial agriculture, fruits, poultry. In greenhouses fishing takes place have been over-exploited in recent years and disadvantages extensive. Seen the benefits of intensive farming is one of the impacts of this growing population is an increase in towards. Are grown not in the soil but in water containing dissolved nutrients in greenhouses introduction. Some states such as vegetables, fruits, and this could lead soil. ' affects our world our underground water sources this farm a `` ranch '' hard to keep and... Of East Africa continues to urbanize, wild regions like the Serengeti have become monetized for ecotourism describes!
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